In this unit you have learned the ins and outs of invitation sequences in Spanish. Just as a refresher, here is a summary of the basic points we have covered.

• Invitation sequences involve two stages: (1) extending the invitation and (2) insistence. They can be complex communicative events and require the performance of a variety of different pragmatic strategies. Invitation refusals are especially difficult communicative acts.

• Numerous pragmatic strategies are used in Spanish for extending and refusing an invitation. Invitation strategies include downplaying the occasion, insistence, and recognition of context. Refusals of invitations include the use of excuses and explanations, indirect refusals (acceptance), indefinite replies, willingness to try, and making future plans.

• Gender plays an important role in the refusal strategies used in Peruvian Spanish. Males and females use similar strategies for inviting, but demonstrate different tendencies when refusing an invitation.

• CLICK HERE to see the resources used to create this module.

Reflect on this module and complete the activities that follow.

List two things you have learned about invitation sequences in Spanish that you will apply to your use of the Spanish language.

List one question you would still like answered about invitations in Spanish or something that is not clear to you from this module.

Which of the learning and performance strategies do you think would be most helpful for you when extending and refusing invitations in Spanish? Why? (CLICK HERE to review the strategies.)